Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk in pre-eclampsia
Abstract
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance are predictors of cardiovascular risk in pregnancy.
Objective: To determine the presence of metabolic syndrome in pre-eclampsia and its relationship with cardiovascular risk.
Method: Descriptive, prospective, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out with 180 pregnant women, from 2019 to 2020. Body mass index was calculated, blood pressure was measured and the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was established, according to the existing criteria. Triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and blood glucose concentrations were quantified. Data were processed with SPSS v. 20.0 statistical software.
Results: Seventy-three of the 180 pregnant women developed pre-eclampsia, in whom serum HDL cholesterol levels lower than 1.29 mmol/L (84.93%) predominated; as well as triglyceride levels greater than 1.7 mmol/L (67.12%), and abdomi-nal circumference greater than 88 cm (71.23%). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 63 pregnant women (35.0%), with predominance in the group with pre-eclampsia (49.31%). In 96.3% of the 107 pregnant women who had not pre-eclamp-sia, the cardiovascular risk was low, while 50.7% of the 73 pregnant women with pre-eclampsia had a moderate, high and very high cardiovascular risk.
Conclusions: Half of women with pre-eclampsia had moderate, high, and very high cardiovascular risk. A high prevalence of metabolic syndrome was found in women who had pre-eclampsia, with a statistically significant association between these variables. It means that pregnant women with metabolic syndrome criteria present cardiovascular risk and a high risk of pre-eclampsia.
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