Predictores electrocardiográficos de fibrilación auricular

Maria Iovănescu, Hussain Shah Sarfaraz, Georgică Costinel Târtea, Elibet Chávez-González, Ionut Donoiu

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Resumen

La fibrilación auricular es posiblemente el trastorno del ritmo cardíaco más común y, recientemente, ha experimentado un aumento de su incidencia y prevalencia. Esta arritmia contribuye significativamente al aumento de la mortalidad, especialmente a través de la aparición o empeoramiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca y la ocurrencia de accidente cerebrovascular cardioembólico. Identificar marcadores que pudieran indicar la aparición de esta arritmia en un paciente específico, garantizaría un seguimiento más estrecho, la instauración del tratamiento antiarrítmico oportuno y el inicio de la anticoagulación. En este artículo se revisan los indicadores electrocardiográficos de aparición de fibrilación auricular que se encuentran en la literatura reciente. Las bases de datos donde se realizó la búsqueda fueron PubMed, Scopus y Google Scholar. Los términos de búsqueda utilizados fueron "fibrilación auricular", "arritmias supraventriculares", "predictores electrocardiográficos", "bloqueo interauricular", "extrasístole auricular", "dispersión de la onda P", and "dilatación de la aurícula izquierda". Se incluyeron las publicaciones relevantes más recientes.

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