Residual Cardiovascular Risk Assessed by TIMI and SMART Scores: A Study in the Nicaraguan Population
Abstract
Introduction: The occurrence of new adverse cardiovascular events in patients who have experienced acute cardiovascular diseases has led several researchers to focus on identifying variables that contribute to understanding residual cardiovascular risk. In Latin America, this risk is underexplored.
Objective: To evaluate residual cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic coronary syndrome across five outpatient clinics in a region of Nicaragua.
Method: A total of 106 patients with chronic coronary syndrome who consecutively attended follow-up outpatient consultations were studied. An epidemiological data form was completed to calculate the TIMI and SMART risk scores. Statistical analysis was performed using a database created in SPSS version 21.0.
Results: Previous acute coronary syndrome and symptoms of ischemic heart disease with corresponding electrocardiograms were the most frequent presentations of chronic coronary syndrome. The mean values for triglycerides (203.17 mg/dL) and blood glucose (160.98 mg/dL) exceeded the normal range. Age and creatinine levels were significantly correlated with the calculated scores. A statistical classification tree determined that moderate and high TIMI risk scores exceed the 27% cutoff value established for the SMART score.
Conclusions: Nearly the entire study sample presented moderate or higher risk, highlighting poor adherence to guidelines and consensus recommendations for controlling residual cardiovascular risk. Immediate strategies are urgently needed to achieve therapeutic goals in this Nicaraguan population.
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