Risk of Arrhythmias and hypertension
Keywords:
hypertension, cardiac arrythmias, atrial fibrillationAbstract
The higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation is doubled in patients with hypertensive heart disease. In the Framingham study, the following risk factors were found: hypertension, maximum P wave duration and dispersion of the electrocardiogram, atrial size and left ventricular mass. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is responsible for the inflammation and the structural changes that justify the development of arrhythmias in hypertensive patients. The presence of ventricular arrhythmias, from premature ventricular complexes to ventricular tachycardia, has been shown in a 10 to 27% of affected patients, a percentage that decreases with the severity of the arrhythmia. Noninvasive risk markers for ventricular arrhythmias have been summarized as follows: dispersion and variability of the QT interval, presence of late potentials, heart rate variability, abnormal morphology and T-wave alternans. All of these are related to anatomic-structural changes of the ventricular wall, which affect the action potential.
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