Patogénesis del intervalo QT largo con el uso de los inhibidores de la tirosina-quinasa
Abstract
Introducción: La prolongación del intervalo QT ha sido la variable electrocardiográfica más asociada a la quimioterapia y constituye un marcador relacionado con la muerte súbita cardiaca. Los inhibidores de la tirosin quinasa representan uno de los grupos de medicamentos antineoplásicos asociados al alargamiento del intervalo QT.
Objetivos: Describir la patofisiología de la prolongación intervalo QT en pacientes con cáncer y su relación con los inhibidores de la tirosin quinasa.
Desarrollo: Las bases fisiopatológicas propuestas en la literatura son complejas y multifactoriales, y tienen como eje central la disfunción mitocondrial y la capacidad que tienen estos medicamentos de unirse a múltiples sitios en una misma célula.
Conclusiones: La capacidad que presentan los inhibidores de la tirosin quinasa de generar alteraciones del intervalo QT es variable y específica de cada tipo de medicamento, muchas veces favorecida por altas dosis del mismo.
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