Factors associated with mortality from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Keywords:
acute myocardial infarction; ischemic cardiopathy; cardiovascular diseasesAbstract
Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction is the most severe form of ischemic heart disease and has the highest mortality rate. Objective: To determine the factors associated with mortality from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at the emergency department of the Dr. Agostinho Neto General Teaching Hospital. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on all patients discharged with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (n=130). A series of variables were analyzed to determine their association with mortality. Results: Mortality was 24.3% in patients over 60 years of age, slightly higher than in those under this age. The incidence of risk factors was high in the sample, especially systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. A known history of previous ischemic heart disease, although not the most prevalent, was also significantly associated with mortality. Variables related to death in the sample included the presence of intense retrosternal pain, accompanied by palpitations, or the onset of cardiac arrest, especially in patients with anterior topography infarction and in whom reperfusion was not achieved during thrombolysis. Conclusions: Mortality from ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was associated with some factors such as age, pain intensity, and anterior wall location
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