Report of a case with cardiac syndrome X or microvascular angina

Authors

  • Claudio R. Pérez Alfonso
  • Luis F. Vega Fleites
  • Francisco de J. Valladares Carvajal
  • Juan J. Navarro López
  • Dayan A. García Cuesta

Abstract

The term cardiac syndrome X or microvascular angina is commonly used to describe a group of patients who show a typical chest pain, ST segment depression during exercise and angiographically normal coronary arteries. Many data suggest the symptoms may have an ischemic origin. It is more common in women, and, in almost 50% of them, anginal pain is specifically attributed to changes in the coronary microvasculature. The prognosis is not as benign as it was believed for years; therefore, in patients with angina and a normal epicardial coronary, a clinical and imaging assessment is necessary (including a careful analysis of risk factors) in order to detect a functionally significant ischemia. Therefore, coronary microvascular disease is a condition that requires attention by the attending physician. A patient with this diagnosis is reported in this article, and electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, ergometric and angiographic images are shown.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Kaski CJ, Pérez Fernández R. Angina microvascular y síndrome X. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2002;55(Supl 1):10-6.

Peix González A. Isquemia miocárdica y enfermedad coronaria microvascular. Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc. 2010;16(3):264-75. Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/car/vol16_3_10/car06310.pdf

Banksc K, Lo M, Khera A. Angina in Women without Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease. Curr Cardiol Rev. 2010;6(1):71-81.

Sakr SA, Abbas TM, Amer MZ, Dawood EM, El-Shahat N, Abdel Aal IA, et al. Microvascular angina. The possible role of inflammation, uric acid, and endothelial dysfunction. Int Heart J. 2009;50(4):407-19.

Singh M, Singh S, Arora R, Kosla S. Cardiac syndrome X: Current conceps. Int J Cardiol. 2010;142;(2):113-9.

Kaski JC, Iqbal K. Cardiac syndrome X: pathogenesis and management. Heart Metab. 2008;40:30-5.

Blasco Morillas P, Frutos García A, Bertomeu Martínez V, Valero Parra R, Rodríguez Ortega JA. Efectos de la Trimetazidina en la angina microvascular de origen hipertensivo. Hipertensión. 2001;18(8):389-92.

Fogoros RN. Cardiac syndrome X (CSX). Angina with normal coronary arteries [Internet]. 2011 [citado 4 Nov 2012]. Disponible en: http://heartdisease.about.com/cs/coronarydisease/a/CSX.htm

Vesely MR, Dilsizian V. Microvascular angina: assessment of coronary blood flow, flow reserve, and metabolism. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2011;13(2):151-8.

Larsen W, Mandleco B. Chest pain with angiographic clear coronary arteries: A provider's approach to cardiac syndrome X. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2009;21(7):371-6.

Yaghoubi M, Arefi SH, Assadi M. Comparison of angiographic with myocardial perfusion scintigraphy findings in cardiac syndrome X (CSX). Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2011;15(12):1385-8.

Parsyan A, Pilote L. Cardiac syndrome X: mystery continues. Can J Cardiol. 2012;28(2 Suppl):S3-6.

Arthur HM, Campbell P, Harvey PJ, McGillion M, Oh P, Woodburn E, et al. Women, cardiac syndrome X, and microvascular heart disease. Can J Cardiol. 2012;28(2 Suppl):S42-9.

Hong HC, Lee DH, Lee SH, Joo SB. TIMI frame count versus thermodilution: diagnosing microvascular angina in cardiac syndrome X. Int J Cardiol. 2012;157(1):137-9.

Letić M. Asymptomatic microvascular angina? Am J Cardiol. 2012;110(9):1386.

Downloads

Published

2020-01-12

How to Cite

1.
Pérez Alfonso CR, Vega Fleites LF, Valladares Carvajal F de J, Navarro López JJ, García Cuesta DA. Report of a case with cardiac syndrome X or microvascular angina. CorSalud [Internet]. 2020 Jan. 12 [cited 2025 Jun. 21];5(2):207-11. Available from: https://revcorsalud.sld.cu/index.php/cors/article/view/534

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 2 (2013)

Section

CASE REPORTS

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

    1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
    2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.