Behavior of essential hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus
Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus play a major role in today's global medical landscape due to their incidence of complications and deaths.
Objective: To characterize patients with essential hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, descriptive study was carried out in Family Doctor's Office 4 of the José Martí Polyclinic in Gibara, Cuba, from January to April 2019. From the 81 patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, 43 were selected who also had HT. Variables studied, obtained from the medical records, were: age, sex, stage of HT, body mass index, and complications in target organs.
Results: Patients between 50 and 59 years of age (32.6%) predominated, 60.5% were women, and half of them (50.0%) were in stage 2 HT. Ischemic heart disease was the main target organ involvement (42%), followed by cerebrovascular disease (22.6%). Grade 2 obesity also predominated (30.2%). However, grade 1 obesity was the most related to target organ involvement (p=0.001).
Conclusions: Female sex, age between 50 and 59 years, stage 3 HT, and grade 2 obesity, predominated. The last two support the high number of target organ conditions with predominance of ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease.
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