Prognostic factors for complications and extent of acute myocardial infarction
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity, mortality and disability worldwide. One of the most frequent acute manifestations of ischemic heart disease is acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Objective: To determine the factors influencing the evolution of patient with acute myocardial infarction.
Method: Prospective cohort study carried out in the department of cardiology of the Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras, from March 2019 to March 2021. Ninety-five patients with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction were treated evaluated.
Results: Males predominated with 67.4% and mean age was 63.0±11.5 years old. Mean body mass index was 27±3.8, high blood pressure was present in 71.6% and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infraction in 54.7%. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 85.3% of patients, fibrinolysis was used in 12.6% and coronary surgery only in 2.1%. Atrial fibrillation was the most common complication, present in a 10.5% of cases. The peak troponin value was independently associated with the presence of complications (p=0.039, OR 1.001 [1.000-1.001]). The variables that remained independently associated with greater extent of the infarction were male gender (p=0.048, OR 0.369 [0.137-0.990]) and type of AMI (p=0.016. OR 3.972 [1.288-12.248]).
Conclusions: The probability of presenting complications after a myocardial infarction is independently influenced by the highest troponin value. Greater extent of acute myocardial infarction was associated with males and the ST-segment elevation myocardial infraction.
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