Prognostic factors of lethality in patients with cardiorenal syndrome
Abstract
Introduction: It is evident that cardiorenal syndrome constitutes an important medical-health problem in contemporary medicine.
Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiological aspects and the values of complementary tests that have discriminatory power to predict death in patients with cardiorenal syndrome.
Method: An analytical observational case-control study was conducted on 161 patients with cardiorenal syndrome at the Hospital Arnaldo Milián Castro (Villa Clara, Cuba), from 2015 to 2018. The case group included the deceased patients (67) and the control group, those discharged alive (94).
Results: The male sex slightly predominated in both groups (50.7% and 51.1%); mean age close to 71 years; white skin and cardiorenal syndrome type 3, with a personal pathological history of chronic kidney disease (145; 90.1%); chronic ischemic heart disease (119; 73.9%); high blood pressure (108; 67.1%), anemia (107; 66.5%) and chronic heart failure (109; 67.7%), with significant differences in complementary tests and vital signs.
Conclusions: The clinical and epidemiological aspects and values of complementary tests that have discriminatory power to prognosticate lethality in patients with cardiorenal syndrome are anemia and diabetes mellitus, linked or not to high blood pressure and the manifestation of chronic ischemic heart disease and chronic kidney disease; the combination of these last three entities; creatinine above 198.5 µmol/L, uric acid above 527 µmol/L, urea greater than 6.4 µmol/L, potassium above 3.9 mEq/L and respiratory frequency greater than 18 breaths per minute.
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